Nigeria, Egypt, Morocco and South Africa continue to dominate Africa’s equity markets, according to the 2026 African Economic Outlook released by the African Development Bank (AfDB).
The report said Africa’s equity market landscape had expanded significantly over the past two decades.
It said that market capitalisation rose nearly six-fold to 1.2 trillion dollars in 2024, representing about 40 per cent of Africa’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
According to the report, market activities remain heavily concentrated in a few economies, including Nigeria, Egypt, Morocco and South Africa.
The report noted that Africa remained one of the world’s fastest-growing regions, recording average real GDP growth of 3.8 per cent annually over the past two decades.
In spite the growth, it said the continent continued to face a development financing gap estimated at more than 1.3 trillion dollars yearly.
The report attributed the financing gap partly to weak domestic resource mobilisation and fragmented financial systems.
It also identified declining Foreign Direct Investment, geo-political tensions and low external financial flows as major challenges.
According to the report, Africa’s revenue-to-GDP ratio declined to 16.2 per cent in 2024 from between 23 and 30 per cent in the 2000s.
The report linked the decline to weak tax compliance, narrow tax bases, exemptions and limited taxpayer coverage.
It further stated that domestic credit to Africa’s private sector remained low compared with other developing regions.
The report urged African countries to strengthen financial systems and mobilise development finance at scale to support economic transformation.It also recommended reforms to consolidate Africa’s financial architecture amid growing global fragmentation.
